Argumentative Report
English
21003, Section M
Professor
Matyakubova
3
October 2017
Argumentative Report Draft 1
From Immigration to Deportation
Abstract
In the United States there are many families
that fall under the category “illegal immigrants”. Deferred Action for
Childhood Arrivals (DACA) was introduced to aid the families from deportation and
work authorization. Many children are at risk since DACA is altering its
standards or even being terminated. Parents will end up being deported leaving
their born-American children behind. This can impact a child mentally and
academically. Although DACA is a policy that aided immigrants who arrived in
the United States illegally, it is also a dilemma because several families have
their lives circled around DACA. New policies are in the process that could put
a numerous amount of people in trouble.
From Immigration to Deportation
Many people have migrated to the United States
legally or, most of the time, illegally. Unauthorized immigrants face many
challenges that drive them to migrate to the United States. They vary based on
the historical period and the place the immigrants migrated from. However,
there have been debates on if immigration laws should be executed to help their
financial state without luring in illegal immigration. In 2012, then President,
Barack Obama announced Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA). The
Department of Homeland Security were responsible of accepting applications for
DACA from undocumented immigrants. Specific age prerequisites are required for
the applicant, later being discussed. There are many arguments about the
threats that come along with illegal immigrants. As for the settlers that come
for their education, economic improvement, or an easier lifestyle, every human
being has the right to achieve it without the government limiting their
choices. Immigrants that came from outside of the United States and coming from
a problematic place should be given a chance to live their life easily as any
other American.
Due to illegal immigration and the
difficulties from crossing borders, DACA was introduced in 2012. In Journal of Public Economics, Pope
states that there are six criteria to become eligible for DACA (100). Applicants
must have no lawful status, meaning being an undocumented immigrant. They also
must be under the age of 16 when they arrived in the United States and under
the age of 31 as of June 15, 2012. Applicants must be resided in the United
States as of June 15, 2007; they must be currently in school, finished their
GED, high school degree, or be a veteran from the Coast Guard/Armed Forces.
Lastly, they must have no convictions of a felony. In addition, the applicant
must be 15 years or older to submit a DACA application. It is obligated to
renew the application every two years. In 2012, the Department of Homeland
Security identified around 11.4 million undocumented immigrants living in the
United States (Pope, 100). Many of these immigrants had some of the criteria
but not all of it, which made it difficult to get accepted for the application.
Additionally, the applicants felt distrustful towards the fee of the
application due to fear of future deportation.
Migrants arrive to the United States for
several reasons. In Children and Youth
Services Review, Sulkowski discusses relevant causes as to why immigrants
plan on living their life in the U.S. even though there are many risks along
with arriving illegally. “[…] they seek benefits to improve their personal and
family plight […] often emigrate to escape violence or personal harm. […] they
are forced to flee violent communities, gang and cartel membership, human
trafficking, and other adverse life experiences.” (63). Parents flee into the
United States because of the danger they are facing so they arrive hoping their
children’s lives will be safer.
Children of unauthorized immigrants are
affected by the danger his or her parents are facing due to the alteration of
the DACA act. According to Pope, “Some of these challenges include the threat
of deportation, lack of legal work authorization, and insufficient documentation
for banking, loans, and driver’s licenses.” (98). These are the tests many
illegal immigrants faced before DACA was
publicized and will be the same tests
if DACA is terminated. These individuals have children that are attending
schools in the United States might not be documented as well. Thus, causing a
negative impact on the child’s education. Sulkowski mentions that a child’s
illegal status with their parents is a “dilemma to public K-12 education
institutions—institutions that have an onus to provide ‘free and adequate
education’ (FAPE) to all students, regardless of their background or
citizenship status.” (62). Every child has the right to receive their education
until the end of high school. In order a child finishes, his or her parent must
be there to support them. FAPE provides the undocumented family an opportunity
for their children to receive the education they deserve.
Aside from having an academic effect, children
can also be severely impacted mentally by the deportation their parents can
possibly encounter from the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers
(USICE). Around 4.5 million minors have one parent that is unauthorized and can
perhaps get transported out of the United States or detained by USICE leaving
the child in fear of personally getting victimized (Sulkowski, 63). Likewise,
to USICE, the Trump Administration were given executive orders to hasten the
deportation of millions of undocumented immigrants. Studies have shown that
children who experienced this predicament have higher levels of anxiety in
first-generation immigrants. U.S. immigration policies and procedures that are
currently happening negatively influence an unauthorized child’s psychosocial
growth and academic performance, risking their future outcomes.
Along with a child’s right to receive
education and his or her well-being, families that are under the DACA policy
are a majority of this nation. In 2012, when Obama announced DACA, many
immigrants were given a chance to obtain work authorization in the United
States. However, in the Epoch Times it
states that, “but critics say that Obama acted illegally when he granted
amnesty to such a large group of people and that DACA should be phased out.” (Cuthbertson). The families that had gotten help from DACA
are now in a crisis because Obama created a rule that affects many immigrants
and once the policy is renewed, it can either benefit the migrants or harm
their future. Congress is now responsible for creating a new policy. The Development, Relief, and Education for
Alien Minors Act, or the DREAM Act, is a “now-defunct” policy for these
affected immigrants, until Congress alters the policy to a permanent one. This regulation
is harmful towards the child because forced deportation on the parents will
affect the child’s life.
Another reform policy that was introduced
recently is Deferred Action for Parents of Americans and lawful Permanent
Residents (DAPA). DAPA provides protection from deportation, offers social
security numbers, work permits, and enhanced access for higher education for
around half of the unauthorized children living in the United States
(Sulkowski, 65). [to be continued]
Works Cited
Cuthbertson,
C. (2017, Sep). With DACA ending, pressure turns to congress. The Epoch
Times Retrieved from https://search-proquest-com.ccny-proxy1.libr.ccny.cuny.edu/docview/1939225919?accountid=9967
Cuthbertson,
C. (2017, Sep). Trump between a rock and a hard place with DACA.The Epoch
Times Retrieved from https://search-proquest-com.ccny-proxy1.libr.ccny.cuny.edu/docview/1937614795?accountid=9967
Cuthbertson,
C. (2017, Feb). Deportations likely to increase under new immigration priorities. The
Epoch Times Retrieved from
https://search-proquest-com.ccny-proxy1.libr.ccny.cuny.edu/docview/1872593275?accountid=9967
Nolan G. Pope, The
Effects of DACAmentation: The Impact of Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals on Unauthorized Immigrants, In
Journal of Public Economics, Volume 143, 2016, Pages 98-114, ISSN 0047-2727,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2016.08.014.
Michael L. Sulkowski,
Unauthorized immigrant students in the United States: The current state of
affairs and the role of public education, In Children and Youth Services
Review, Volume 77, 2017, Pages 62-68, ISSN 0190-7409,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2017.04.006.
English
21003, Section M
Professor
Matyakubova
3
October 2017
Argumentative Report Draft 1 Reflection
An argumentative essay takes one stance and talks about
the opposing side but as the writer you try to prove it wrong. Looking for a
topic was a little difficult because there are many topics that have opposing
sides but I tried to look for something that is interesting and would catch the
reader’s attention. After finding a topic, the sources were difficult to find
as well because it was a lot of information about DACA and I wasn’t sure about
what to specifically mention. I was also having a tough time trying to bring
claims that go against the stance I was holding.
While reading the
sources, I found the topic more and more interesting. So I thought the topic
suited the assignment but formatting the essay and bringing all the information
together is a little challenging for me. I will keep revising my draft and
adding more information so I can write a well final draft.
English
21003, Section M
Professor
Matyakubova
8
October 2017
Argumentative Report- Final Draft
From Immigration to Deportation
Abstract
In the United States there are many families
that fall under the category “illegal immigrants”. Deferred Action for
Childhood Arrivals (DACA) was introduced to prevent the families from getting
deported and aiding in work authorization. Many children are at risk since DACA
is altering its standards or even being terminated. Parents will end up being
deported leaving their born-American children behind. This can impact a child
mentally and academically. Although DACA is a policy that aided immigrants who
arrived in the United States illegally, it is also a dilemma because several
families have their lives circled around DACA. Critics have said that Obama
passed an act unconstitutionally because of how many people are under the DACA
policy. New policies are being developed and Trump is leaving it up to
Congress, arising consequences could put a numerous amount of people in
trouble.
From Immigration to Deportation
Many people have migrated to the United
States legally or, most of the time, illegally. Unauthorized immigrants face
many challenges that drive them to migrate to the United States. They vary
based on the historical period and the place the immigrants migrated from. However,
there have been debates on if immigration laws should be executed to help their
financial state without luring in illegal immigration. In 2012, then President,
Barack Obama announced Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA). The
Department of Homeland Security (DHS) were responsible of accepting
applications for DACA from undocumented immigrants. Specific age prerequisites are
required for the applicant, later being discussed. There are many arguments
about the threats that come along with illegal immigrants. As for the settlers
that come for their education, economic improvement, or an easier lifestyle,
every human being has the right to achieve it without the government limiting
their choices. Immigrants that came from outside of the United States and
coming from a problematic place should be given a chance to live their life
easily as any other American.
Due to illegal immigration and the
difficulties from crossing borders, DACA was introduced in 2012. In Journal of Public Economics, Nolan Pope
states that there are six criteria to become eligible for DACA (100). Applicants
must have no lawful status, meaning being an undocumented immigrant. They also
must be under the age of 16 when they arrived in the United States and under
the age of 31 as of June 15, 2012. Applicants must be resided in the United
States as of June 15, 2007; they must be currently in school, finished their
GED, high school degree, or be a veteran from the Coast Guard/Armed Forces.
Lastly, they must have no convictions of a felony. In addition, the applicant
must be 15 years or older to submit a DACA application. It is obligated to
renew the application every two years. In 2012, the Department of Homeland
Security identified around 11.4 million undocumented immigrants living in the
United States (Pope, 100). Many of these immigrants had some of the criteria
but not all of it, which made it difficult to get accepted for the application.
Additionally, the applicants felt distrustful towards the fee of the
application due to fear of future deportation.
Migrants arrive to the United States for
several reasons. In Children and Youth
Services Review, Michael Sulkowski discusses relevant causes as to why
immigrants plan on living their life in the U.S. even though there are many
risks along with arriving illegally. “[…] they seek benefits to improve their personal
and family plight […] often emigrate to escape violence or personal harm. […]
they are forced to flee violent communities, gang and cartel membership, human
trafficking, and other adverse life experiences.” (63). Parents flee into the
United States because of the danger they are facing so they arrive hoping their
children’s lives will be safer.
Children of
unauthorized immigrants are affected by the danger his or her parents are
facing due to the alteration of the DACA act. According to Pope, “Some of these
challenges include the threat of deportation, lack of legal work authorization,
and insufficient documentation for banking, loans, and driver’s licenses.”
(98). These are the tests many illegal immigrants faced before DACA was
publicized and will be the same tests if DACA is terminated. These individuals
have children that are attending schools in the United States might not be
documented as well. Thus, causing a negative impact on the child’s education. Sulkowski
mentions that a child’s illegal status with their parents is a “dilemma to
public K-12 education institutions—institutions that have an onus to provide
‘free and adequate education’ (FAPE) to all students, regardless of their
background or citizenship status.” (62). Every child has the right to receive
their education until the end of high school. In order a child finishes, his or
her parent must be there to support them. FAPE provides the undocumented family
an opportunity for their children to receive the education they deserve.
Similar to FAPE, in-state resident
tuition policies (ISRT) help undocumented students receive higher education
based on their financial status. Based on the Education Policy Analysis Archives, Ryan Gildersleeve mentions that
26 states are the only states currently that follow the ISRT policy which
represents their interest in undocumented student policy regime (5). ISRT and
federal immigration policies should be able to benefit the migrants into
becoming students, so they can repay the economy, making it beneficial for both
the immigrants and the economy. This policy makes it difficult to the audience
that it targets because many of the terms used to describes migrated students
are “illegal”, “undocumented”, or “unauthorized”; however, ISRT policy targets
all students that are residents of a given state (Gildersleeve, 7).
Aside from having an academic effect, children
can also be severely impacted mentally by the deportation their parents can
possibly encounter from the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers
(USICE). Around 4.5 million minors have one parent that is unauthorized and can
perhaps get transported out of the United States or detained by USICE leaving
the child in fear of personally getting victimized (Sulkowski, 63). Likewise,
to USICE, the Trump Administration were given executive orders to hasten the
deportation of millions of undocumented immigrants. Studies have shown that
children who experienced this predicament have higher levels of anxiety in
first-generation immigrants. For instance, Sulkowski provides a study done by
Landale et al which resulted in finding a higher chance of internalizing and
externalizing psychopathology in children with unauthorized parents (63). U.S. immigration
policies and procedures that are currently happening negatively influence an
unauthorized child’s psychosocial growth and academic performance, risking
their future outcomes.
A majority of this nation are under the DACA
policy. In 2012, when Obama announced DACA, many immigrants were given a chance
to obtain work authorization in the United States. However, in the Epoch Times it states that, “but
critics say that Obama acted illegally when he granted amnesty to such a large
group of people and that DACA should be phased out.” (Cuthbertson). The families that had gotten help from DACA
are now in a crisis because Obama created a rule that affects many immigrants
and once the policy is renewed, it can either benefit the migrants or harm
their future. Congress is now responsible for creating a new policy. The Development, Relief, and Education for
Alien Minors Act, or the DREAM Act, is a “now-defunct” policy for these
affected immigrants, also known as Dreamers, until Congress alters the policy
to a permanent one. This regulation is damaging towards children of
undocumented parents because forced deportation on the parents will affect the
child’s life.
Another reform
policy that was introduced after Obama attempted to expand DACA is Deferred
Action for Parents of Americans and lawful Permanent Residents (DAPA). DAPA
provides protection from deportation, offers social security numbers, work
permits, and enhanced access for higher education for around half of the unauthorized
children living in the United States (Sulkowski, 65). DAPA would have approved 3.6
million illegal immigrants and would have given them the ability to work but in
June 2017, the Trump administration ended the DAPA amnesty overall (Cuthbertson). The end of this policy means that it “[…]
is an important step toward putting an end to the previous administration’s,
‘disrespect for the legislative process’,” as Attorney General Jeff Sessions
says (Cuthbertson). As mentioned previously, Obama was criticized for using his
presidential powers illegally.
The United States is comprised of many
illegal immigrants that partake a significant impact on the gross domestic
product (G.D.P.). The nation’s budget will decline drastically if the DACA
policy is terminated because as many as a quarter of the undocumented
immigrants can instantly become targets for deportation. Immigrants initially
came to the states for several unpleasant reasons that involves the country
they migrated from. As Congress is currently pressured to arise new immigration
policies, President Trump believes that immigrants are causing a threat to
national security. However, the children that are unauthorized immigrants have
a right to receive education which is what develops the economy as well. Parents
of born-American children can probably become targets of USICE and trigger a
child’s well-being. Though, the children’s parents are at risk because of the
president’s power to end the DACA policy, all the immigrants, legal or not, are
the foundation of this country. It is completely wrong to transport innocent
immigrants that came for a better life in this nation, causing their decision
to migrate result in deportation.
Works Cited
Cuthbertson,
C. (2017, Feb). Deportations likely to increase under new immigration
priorities. The Epoch Times Retrieved from https://search-proquest-com.ccny-proxy1.libr.ccny.cuny.edu/docview/1872593275?accountid=9967
Cuthbertson,
C. (2017, Sep). Trump between a rock and a hard place with DACA.The Epoch
Times Retrieved from https://search-proquest-com.ccny-proxy1.libr.ccny.cuny.edu/docview/1937614795?accountid=9967
Cuthbertson,
C. (2017, Sep). With DACA ending, pressure turns to congress. The Epoch
Times Retrieved from https://search-proquest-com.ccny-proxy1.libr.ccny.cuny.edu/docview/1939225919?accountid=9967
Finnegan, William.
"Is Ending DACA the Worst Decision Trump Has Made?" The New
Yorker.
The
New Yorker, 08 Sept. 2017. Web. 06 Oct. 2017.
Gildersleeve,
Ryan Evely. "Making and Becoming in the Undocumented Student Policy
Regime:
A
Post-Qualitative [Discourse] Analysis of U.S. Immigration and Higher Education Policy."
Education Policy Analysis Archives, vol. 25, no. 25-31, 27 Mar. 2017, pp. 1-14.
EBSCOhost, doi:10.14507/epaa.25.2286.
Michael L. Sulkowski,
Unauthorized immigrant students in the United States: The current state
of
affairs and the role of public education, In Children and Youth Services
Review, Volume 77, 2017, Pages 62-68, ISSN 0190-7409, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2017.04.006.
Nolan G. Pope, The
Effects of DACAmentation: The Impact of Deferred Action for Childhood
Arrivals
on Unauthorized Immigrants, In Journal of Public Economics, Volume 143, 2016,
Pages 98-114, ISSN 0047-2727, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2016.08.014.
Ortega,
Servando. "College & Career Ready." Pinterest. N.p.,
05 May 2016. Web. 09 Oct. 2017.
Standard-Examiner.
"The Latest: Trump Vows to Revisit DACA If Congress
Stumbles." Standard-Examiner.
N.p., 05 Sept. 2017. Web. 09 Oct. 2017.
English
21003, Section M
Professor
Matyakubova
8
October 2017
Argumentative Report Final Draft Reflection
An argumentative essay takes one stance and talks about
the opposing side but as the writer you try to prove it wrong. Looking for a
topic was a little difficult because there are many topics that have opposing
sides but I tried to look for something that is interesting and would catch the
reader’s attention. After finding a topic, the sources were difficult to find
as well because it was a lot of information about DACA and I wasn’t sure about
what to specifically mention. I was also having a tough time trying to bring
claims that go against the stance I was holding.
While reading the
sources, I found the topic more and more interesting. So I thought the topic
suited the assignment but formatting the essay and bringing all the information
together is a little challenging for me. I will keep revising my draft and
adding more information so I can write a well final draft.
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